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France

Europe

Quick Facts

Capital

Paris

Population

68.0M

Area

551,695 km²

Density

123 /km²

Median age

42.4 yrs

Constituent countries

New Caledonia

New Caledonia

French Polynesia

French Polynesia

Description

Adoption

  • 15 February 1794 (decree of 27 Pluviôse Year II, 232 years)
  • 1830 (restored after the Restoration). The shades were lightened in 1976, then a darker blue returned on official buildings around 2020.
Designed byOrder of the colours attributed to the painter Jacques-Louis David; the cockade is credited to Lafayette.

Design & Symbolism

Specs plus what each color and emblem means on this flag — tap an element to reveal its meaning.

Proportions

2:3

Shape

Rectangular

Colors

Construction details

Proportions 2:3. Three equal vertical bands, blue at the hoist, white in the middle, red at the fly. At sea, the bands are not equal (30:33:37) so they look even when flying.

Construction sheet

Etiquette & protocol

How the flag should be used and displayed with respect.

Specific rulesFrance

  • The national day is 14 July.
  • The flag flies permanently on public buildings.

Common conventions

  • Keep the flag clean and never let it touch the ground.
  • Never fly a torn or faded flag — repair or replace it.
  • Illuminate the flag if it stays up at night.
  • Never use the flag as clothing, packaging or advertising.
  • Dispose of a worn flag respectfully, not in the trash.
Did you know?

Its blue and red are the colours of Paris; white was the royal colour, so the flag unites revolution and monarchy.

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